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Il demande ainsi non seulement aux individus mais aussi à la puissance publique une réelle capacité d’adaptation en un temps record. Il y a vingt ans encore, le seul écran présent dans le foyer restait accroché sur le mur du salon. Aujourd’hui, les ordinateurs, tablettes, téléphones portables sont omniprésents dans notre société et suivent leurs utilisateurs dans leurs moindres déplacements. Les taux d’équipe ment des individus et le temps passé sur Internet démontrent l’intensité de leur utilisation et leur place dans nos vies. Le phénomène est de grande ampleur et l’exposition commence dès le plus jeune âge. Si un seul chiffre était à retenir parmi l’ensemble de la documentation scientifique, celui de 728 heures semble le plus éloquent. 728 heures, cela correspond à la durée moyenne d’ex position annuelle des enfants de 3 à 10 ans aux écrans, à savoir près de 2 heures par jour (1). De plus, un tiers des enfants âgés de 0 à 3 ans prennent leur repas devant un écran (2), alors que la communauté scientifique internationale s’accorde à recommander l’absence totale d’exposition pour les moins de 3 ans. La télévision est omniprésente : les enfants de 2 ans sont ainsi 87 % à la regarder, dont 68 % quotidiennement, pour une durée moyenne de 6h50 par semaine (3). De façon plus générale, les écrans ne sont plus des inconnus pour nos en","articles":[{"num":"1er","extrait":"Après le livre VIde la troisième partie du code de la santé publique, il est inséré un livre VI bis ainsi rédigé : « Livre VI bis « Prévention des risques liés à l’exposition des jeunes enfants aux écrans numériques « TITRE UNIQUE « CHAPITRE UNIQUE « Art. L. 3611-4. – L’État met en œuvre une politique de prévention des risques liés à l’exposition aux écrans numériques pour les enfants de moins de six ans. « Il veille au développement d’outils de mesure des risques liés à l’exposition aux écrans numériques dans les lieux d ’accueil des jeunes enfants, en particulier les écoles maternelles et primaires. « Art. L. 3611-5. – Une plateforme numérique comportant des informations sur les risques liés aux écrans numériques pour les enfants est mise en place à l’attention des parents. « Elle diffuse des recommandations sur les durées e t les modalités d’utilisation recommandées des écrans numériques, en fonction de l’âge des enfants. « Art. L. 3611-6. – Les professionnels de santé et du secteur médico-social ainsi que les professionnels de la petite enfance reçoivent, au cours de leur formation initiale et continue, une formation spécifique sur les risques associés aux différents degrés d’exposition aux écrans numériques pour les enfants de moins de six ans. « Art. L. 3611-7. – Sans préjudice des dispositions relatives à l’apposition des marques distinctives mentionnées a u 8° de l’article L. 311-39 du code des impositions sur les biens et services et prises en application du 3° de l’article L. 311-42 du même code, les unités de conditionnement, les emballages extérieurs et les suremballages, les boîtes de téléphones portables, ordinateurs, tablettes et produits assimilés comportent un message de prévention visant à informer les consommateurs des risques encourus par l’usage excessif de ces produits sur le développement psychomoteur, physique et cognitif des jeunes enfants. « Art. L. 3611-8. – Les messages publicitaires portant sur des téléphones portables, ordinateurs, tablettes et produits assimilés comportent un message de prévention visant à informer les consommateurs des risques encourus par l’usage excessif de ces produits sur l e développement psychomoteur, physique et cognitif des jeunes enfants. « Dans le cas des messages publicitaires télévisés ou radiodiffusés, cette obligation ne s’applique qu’aux messages émis et diffusés à partir du territoire français et reçus sur ce territoire. La même obligation d’information s’impose à toute promotion, destinée au public, par voie d’imprimés et de publications périodiques édités par les producteurs ou distributeurs de ces produits. « Les modalités d’application du présent article, e t notamment les conditions de consultation des annonceurs sur les actions de l’Institut national de prévention et d’éducation pour la santé, sont déterminées par décret en Conseil d’État après consultation du Bure au de vérification de la publicité. « Art. L. 3611-9. – I. – Le règlement intérieur des établissements mentionnés à l’article L. 133-1 du code de l’éducation et à l’article L. 2324-1 du code de la santé publique régule l’utilisation, par les professionnels d’encadrement, de téléphones portables, tablettes numériques, télévisions et équipements assimilés en présence des enfants encadrés. « II. – Le règlement intérieur des établissements mentionnés à l’article L. 133-1 du code de l’éducation et à l’article L. 2 324-1 du code de la santé publique prévoit la mise en place d’une politique d e prévention des risques liés à une exposition excessive aux écrans numériques chez les élèves. « Art. L. 3611-10. – Les modalités d’application des dispositions du présent chapitre sont déterminées par décret. »"},{"num":"2","extrait":"L’article L. 2122-2 du code de la santé publique es t complété par huit alinéas ainsi rédigés : « Le carnet de grossesse comporte les messages de prévention suivants : « 1° Jouer avec votre enfant est la meilleure façon de favoriser son développement ; « 2° Évitez d’exposer votre enfant à la télévision avant l’âge de trois ans : elle nuit à son développement même s’il ne la regarde pas ; « 3° N’installez jamais de télévision dans la chambre de votre enfant ; « 4° Fixez des règles claires sur les temps d’écran, respectez de grandes plages de temps sans écran, et encouragez les jeux traditionnels ; « 5° Interdisez les outils numériques durant les repas et avant le coucher, et ne les utilisez pas pour calmer votre enfant ; « 6° Parlez avec votre enfant de ce qu’il voit et f ait avec les écrans ; informez-vous sur les contenus des DVD, des programmes de télévision et des jeux vidéo ; « 7° Pensez à sécuriser les connexions. »"},{"num":"3","extrait":"Après le 7° de l’article L. 2112-2 du code de la santé publique, il est inséré un 8° ainsi rédigé : « 8° Des consultations et des actions de prévention, aux côtés des professionnels de la petite enfance du territoire et des acteurs du parcours de l’enfant de 0 à 6 ans, portant sur les risques liés à l’exposition des enfants aux écrans. »"},{"num":"4","extrait":"Après l’article L. 214-6 du code de l’action sociale et des familles, il est inséré un article L. 214-6-1 ainsi rédigé : « Art L. 214-6-1. – La commission départementale de l’accueil des jeunes enfants définit les modalités de diffusion, aux professionnels de la petite enfance et aux parents, de messages de sensibilisation relatifs à l’usage des écrans numériques et à la prévention d’une exposition excessive des jeunes enfants à ces derniers. »"},{"num":"5","extrait":"Après la première phrase du second alinéa de l’article L. 551-1 du code de l’éducation, il est inséré une phrase ainsi rédigée : « Il vise aussi à informer et à prévenir les risques liés à une exposition excessive des élèves aux écrans. »"},{"num":"6","extrait":"I. – La charge pour l’État est compensée, à due concurrence, par la création d’une taxe additionnelle à l’accise sur le s tabacs prévue au chapitre IV du titre I er du livre III du code des impositions sur les biens et services II. – La charge pour les organismes de sécurité sociale est compensée à due concurrence par la majoration de l’accise sur l es tabacs prévue au chapitre IV du titre I er du livre III du code des impositions sur les biens et services. III. – La charge pour les collectivités territorial es est compensée à due concurrence par la majoration de la dotation global e de fonctionnement et, corrélativement pour l’État, par la création d’une taxe additionnelle à l’accise sur les tabacs prévue au chapitre IV du titre I er du livre III du code des impositions sur les biens et services.","resume":"Compense les charges pour l'État, la sécurité sociale et les collectivités territoriales par une hausse de l'accise sur les tabacs et de la dotation globale de fonctionnement."}],"pdfUrl":"https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/16/textes/l16b0757_proposition-loi.pdf","pdfPages":null},"dispositionsVersion":6},"stade":{"cle":"depose","etiquette":"Déposé, non adopté à ce jour","phrase":"Ce texte a été déposé le 19 janvier 2023. Il n'a pas été adopté à ce jour : ce n'est pas la loi.","garde":"Ce résumé décrit ce que le texte propose. 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l'Assemblée adopte en première lecture la proposition de loi relative à la prévention de l'exposition excessive des enfants aux écrans, par 145 voix, aucune contre et aucune abstention. Tous les groupes qui expriment une voix votent pour.\n\nCe que le texte crée : un livre nouveau du code de la santé publique, qui charge l'État d'une politique de prévention des risques liés aux écrans pour les enfants de moins de six ans, et de développer des outils de mesure de ces risques dans les lieux d'accueil des jeunes enfants, en particulier les écoles maternelles et primaires. Une plateforme numérique destinée aux parents diffuse des recommandations sur les durées et les modalités d'utilisation.\n\nLe changement le plus concret tient en huit phrases : le carnet de grossesse doit désormais porter des messages de prévention. Jouer avec son enfant est la meilleure façon de favoriser son développement ; éviter de l'exposer à la télévision avant trois ans, car elle nuit à son développement même s'il ne la regarde pas ; ne jamais installer de télévision dans sa chambre ; fixer des règles claires sur les temps d'écran ; interdire les outils numériques pendant les repas et avant le coucher, et ne pas s'en servir pour le calmer.\n\nLe texte ajoute encore la question des écrans aux consultations de la protection maternelle et infantile, charge la commission départementale de l'accueil des jeunes enfants de diffuser des messages de sensibilisation, et inscrit la prévention de l'exposition excessive dans le parcours éducatif prévu par le code de l'éducation.","dynamique":"Adopté le 7 mars 2023 : 145 voix pour, aucune contre. Dix groupes ont voté pour.","arguments":{"pour":[{"qui":"Caroline Janvier, rapporteure de la commission des affaires sociales (Renaissance)","texte":"Donne l’avis favorable de la commission sur l’amendement n° 108 de Cyrille Isaac-Sibille à l’article 1er : « Vous souhaitez que le texte mentionne expressément les télévisions. C’est justifié car, je le rappelle, la télévision reste l’écran auquel les jeunes sont les plus exposés. » L’amendement n° 108 est adopté dans la foulée.","source":"Compte rendu de la 3e séance du 7 mars 2023 (Assemblée nationale)","url":"https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/16/comptes-rendus/seance/CRSANR5L16S2023O1N170#3040809"},{"qui":"Cyrille Isaac-Sibille (Les Démocrates)","texte":"Relève que l’article 1er « mentionne les écrans des téléphones portables, des ordinateurs, des tablettes, mais non ceux de téléviseurs », et défend son amendement n° 108, qui ajoute les télévisions aux produits visés par l’article, qu’il dit avoir déjà présenté en commission puis retravaillé « suivant les conseils de Mme la rapporteure ».","source":"Compte rendu de la 3e séance du 7 mars 2023 (Assemblée nationale)","url":"https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/16/comptes-rendus/seance/CRSANR5L16S2023O1N170#3040807"},{"qui":"Christine Loir (Rassemblement national)","texte":"Défend l’amendement n° 14 : « Les campagnes de prévention concernant le tabagisme et l’alcoolisme ont particulièrement bien fonctionné, grâce à des spots publicitaires chocs. Si nous voulons prendre le problème de la surexposition aux écrans à bras-le-corps, il faut passer par la télévision, en imposant des spots publicitaires sur le sujet. » L’amendement, qui visait les radios et chaînes de télévision du service public, n’est pas adopté.","source":"Compte rendu de la 3e séance du 7 mars 2023 (Assemblée nationale)","url":"https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/16/comptes-rendus/seance/CRSANR5L16S2023O1N170#3040821"}],"contre":[],"reserves":[]},"sources":[{"label":"Analyse du scrutin n° 1141, Assemblée nationale, 7 mars 2023","url":"https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/16/scrutins/1141"}],"v":2,"source":"cure-verifie"},"explain":{"scrutinId":"VTANR5L16V1141","version":2,"titre":"l'ensemble de la proposition de loi relative à la prévention de l'exposition excessive des enfants aux écrans (première lecture).","synthese":"**Scrutin** : L'Assemblée nationale a **adopté** une proposition de loi sur la **prévention de l'exposition excessive des enfants aux écrans** lors de la première lecture. Le texte vise à encadrer l'utilisation des écrans par les mineurs. **Tous les groupes représentés** (RE, RN, LFI-NUPES, LR, DEM) se sont prononcés **pour** le projet de loi. Aucun groupe n’a voté **contre** ou **s’est abstenu**. Le vote a eu lieu le **7 mars 2023**.","perFamille":{"DEM":"a voté pour","LFI-NUPES":"a voté pour","LR":"a voté pour","RE":"a voté pour","RN":"a voté pour"},"source":"ollama/qwen3:14b"},"objMoyens":null,"recoExperts":null,"eli":null,"promulgation":null,"commissionAmdt":{"nTotal":136,"nAdopte":19,"commissions":["Affaires sociales"],"leg":16},"rapportsDossier":[{"u":"RAPPANR5L16B0909","commission":"Commission des affaires sociales","date":"2023-03-01","num":"909","leg":16,"type":"permanent","rapporteurs":[{"id":"PA720074","label":"Caroline Janvier"}]}],"censures":null,"voteRef":{"id":"VTANR5L16V1141","titre":"l'ensemble de la proposition de loi relative à la prévention de l'exposition excessive des enfants aux écrans (première lecture).","date":"2023-03-07","sortCode":"adopté","pour":145,"contre":0,"abstention":0},"voteAggregat":{"PO800538":{"pour":66,"contre":0,"abstention":0,"nonVotant":0,"absent":104,"positionMajoritaire":"pour","nombreMembres":170},"PO800520":{"pour":31,"contre":0,"abstention":0,"nonVotant":0,"absent":57,"positionMajoritaire":"pour","nombreMembres":88},"PO800490":{"pour":7,"contre":0,"abstention":0,"nonVotant":0,"absent":67,"positionMajoritaire":"pour","nombreMembres":74},"PO800508":{"pour":11,"contre":0,"abstention":0,"nonVotant":0,"absent":50,"positionMajoritaire":"pour","nombreMembres":61},"PO800484":{"pour":15,"contre":0,"abstention":0,"nonVotant":0,"absent":36,"positionMajoritaire":"pour","nombreMembres":51},"PO800496":{"pour":3,"contre":0,"abstention":0,"nonVotant":0,"absent":28,"positionMajoritaire":"pour","nombreMembres":31},"PO800514":{"pour":3,"contre":0,"abstention":0,"nonVotant":1,"absent":25,"positionMajoritaire":"pour","nombreMembres":29},"PO800502":{"pour":1,"contre":0,"abstention":0,"nonVotant":0,"absent":21,"positionMajoritaire":"pour","nombreMembres":22},"PO800526":{"pour":3,"contre":0,"abstention":0,"nonVotant":0,"absent":19,"positionMajoritaire":"pour","nombreMembres":22},"PO800532":{"pour":4,"contre":0,"abstention":0,"nonVotant":0,"absent":16,"positionMajoritaire":"pour","nombreMembres":20},"PO793087":{"pour":1,"contre":0,"abstention":0,"nonVotant":0,"absent":4,"positionMajoritaire":"pour","nombreMembres":5}},"voteGroupes":[{"id":"PO800490","code":"LFI","libelle":"La France insoumise - Nouvelle Union Populaire écologique et sociale","libelleAbrev":"LFI-NUPES","couleur":"#E42313","dateDebut":"2022-06-28","dateFin":"2024-06-09","family":"fi","nombreMembres":76,"legislature":16},{"id":"PO800502","code":"GDR","libelle":"Gauche démocrate et républicaine - NUPES","libelleAbrev":"GDR-NUPES","couleur":"#991414","dateDebut":"2022-06-28","dateFin":"2024-06-09","family":"com","nombreMembres":24,"legislature":16},{"id":"PO800526","code":"EcoS","libelle":"Écologiste - NUPES","libelleAbrev":"ECOLO","couleur":"#77AA79","dateDebut":"2022-06-28","dateFin":"2024-06-09","family":"ecolo","nombreMembres":23,"legislature":16},{"id":"PO800496","code":"SOC","libelle":"Socialistes et apparentés (membre de l’intergroupe NUPES)","libelleAbrev":"SOC","couleur":"#DF84B5","dateDebut":"2022-06-28","dateFin":"2023-10-18","family":"soc","nombreMembres":22,"legislature":16},{"id":"PO830170","code":"SOC","libelle":"Socialistes et apparentés","libelleAbrev":"SOC-A","couleur":"#DF84B5","dateDebut":"2023-10-19","dateFin":"2024-06-09","family":"soc","nombreMembres":7,"legislature":16},{"id":"PO800532","code":"LIOT","libelle":"Libertés, Indépendants, Outre-mer et Territoires","libelleAbrev":"LIOT","couleur":"#F8D434","dateDebut":"2022-06-28","dateFin":"2024-06-09","family":"liot","nombreMembres":22,"legislature":16},{"id":"PO800484","code":"DEM","libelle":"Démocrate (MoDem et Indépendants)","libelleAbrev":"DEM","couleur":"#CE5215","dateDebut":"2022-06-28","dateFin":"2024-06-09","family":"modem","nombreMembres":58,"legislature":16},{"id":"PO800538","code":"RE","libelle":"Renaissance","libelleAbrev":"RE","couleur":"#61468F","dateDebut":"2022-06-28","dateFin":"2024-06-09","family":"renaissance","nombreMembres":193,"legislature":16},{"id":"PO800514","code":"HOR","libelle":"Horizons et apparentés","libelleAbrev":"HOR","couleur":"#32B3CA","dateDebut":"2022-06-28","dateFin":"2024-06-09","family":"horizons","nombreMembres":32,"legislature":16},{"id":"PO800508","code":"LR","libelle":"Les Républicains","libelleAbrev":"LR","couleur":"#4565AD","dateDebut":"2022-06-28","dateFin":"2024-06-09","family":"lr","nombreMembres":61,"legislature":16},{"id":"PO800520","code":"RN","libelle":"Rassemblement National","libelleAbrev":"RN","couleur":"#35495E","dateDebut":"2022-06-28","dateFin":"2024-06-09","family":"rn","nombreMembres":90,"legislature":16},{"id":"PO793087","code":"NI","libelle":"Non inscrit","libelleAbrev":"NI","couleur":"#8D949A","dateDebut":"2022-06-22","dateFin":"2024-06-09","family":"ni","nombreMembres":10,"legislature":16}]}