{"texte":{"uid":"PIONANR5L16B1261","legislature":16,"titre":"renforcer le contrôle des déclarations de minorité des étrangers","titreLong":"proposition de loi visant à renforcer le contrôle des déclarations de minorité des étrangers","dateDepot":"2023-05-23","dossierRef":"DLR5L16N47938","auteurs":[{"id":"PA793314","label":"Alexandra Masson","qualite":"auteur"}],"cosignataires":[{"id":"PA793432","label":"Franck Allisio"},{"id":"PA796118","label":"Bénédicte Auzanot"},{"id":"PA794562","label":"Philippe Ballard"},{"id":"PA793238","label":"Christophe Barthès"},{"id":"PA793374","label":"Romain Baubry"},{"id":"PA793158","label":"José Beaurain"},{"id":"PA794522","label":"Pierrick Berteloot"},{"id":"PA720822","label":"Bruno Bilde"},{"id":"PA720668","label":"Emmanuel Blairy"},{"id":"PA794886","label":"Sophie Blanc"},{"id":"PA796042","label":"Frédéric Boccaletti"},{"id":"PA793844","label":"Pascale Bordes"},{"id":"PA793182","label":"Jorys Bovet"},{"id":"PA793134","label":"Jérôme Buisson"},{"id":"PA795836","label":"Frédéric Cabrolier"},{"id":"PA794638","label":"Victor Catteau"},{"id":"PA720468","label":"Sébastien Chenu"},{"id":"PA794198","label":"Roger Chudeau"},{"id":"PA793548","label":"Caroline Colombier"},{"id":"PA794222","label":"Annick Cousin"},{"id":"PA795644","label":"Nathalie Da Conceicao Carvalho"},{"id":"PA793166","label":"Jocelyn Dessigny"},{"id":"PA793928","label":"Edwige Diaz"},{"id":"PA794762","label":"Sandrine Dogor-Such"},{"id":"PA793146","label":"Nicolas Dragon"},{"id":"PA793246","label":"Frédéric Falcon"},{"id":"PA793964","label":"Grégoire de Fournas"},{"id":"PA794538","label":"Thibaut François"},{"id":"PA794678","label":"Thierry Frappé"},{"id":"PA793892","label":"Stéphanie Galzy"},{"id":"PA796034","label":"Frank Giletti"},{"id":"PA793362","label":"José Gonzalez"},{"id":"PA794418","label":"Florence Goulet"},{"id":"PA793592","label":"Géraldine Grangier"},{"id":"PA795540","label":"Daniel Grenon"},{"id":"PA794734","label":"Michel Guiniot"},{"id":"PA793218","label":"Jordan Guitton"},{"id":"PA795900","label":"Marine Hamelet"},{"id":"PA793632","label":"Timothée Houssin"},{"id":"PA794598","label":"Laurent Jacobelli"},{"id":"PA794030","label":"Alexis Jolly"},{"id":"PA794354","label":"Hélène Laporte"},{"id":"PA795912","label":"Laure Lavalette"},{"id":"PA796026","label":"Julie Lechanteux"},{"id":"PA793290","label":"Gisèle Lelouis"},{"id":"PA642988","label":"Hervé de Lépinau"},{"id":"PA793608","label":"Katiana Levavasseur"},{"id":"PA793672","label":"Christine Loir"},{"id":"PA793904","label":"Aurélien Lopez-Liguori"},{"id":"PA721932","label":"Marie-France Lorho"},{"id":"PA795974","label":"Philippe Lottiaux"},{"id":"PA794590","label":"Alexandre Loubet"},{"id":"PA794530","label":"Matthieu Marchio"},{"id":"PA794770","label":"Michèle Martinez"},{"id":"PA793330","label":"Bryan Masson"},{"id":"PA793616","label":"Kévin Mauvieux"},{"id":"PA719436","label":"Nicolas Meizonnet"},{"id":"PA793354","label":"Joëlle Mélin"},{"id":"PA795786","label":"Yaël Ménaché"},{"id":"PA794322","label":"Thomas Ménagé"},{"id":"PA793852","label":"Pierre Meurin"},{"id":"PA793696","label":"Serge Muller"},{"id":"PA795552","label":"Julien Odoul"},{"id":"PA794582","label":"Kévin Pfeffer"},{"id":"PA793656","label":"Lisette Pollet"},{"id":"PA795966","label":"Stéphane Rambaud"},{"id":"PA793230","label":"Angélique Ranc"},{"id":"PA793254","label":"Julien Rancoule"},{"id":"PA794442","label":"Laurence Robert-Dehault"},{"id":"PA794570","label":"Alexandre Sabatou"},{"id":"PA794954","label":"Emeric Salmon"},{"id":"PA796050","label":"Philippe Schreck"},{"id":"PA793382","label":"Emmanuel Taché"},{"id":"PA795778","label":"Jean-Philippe Tanguy"},{"id":"PA794502","label":"Michaël Taverne"},{"id":"PA794946","label":"Antoine Villedieu"},{"id":"PA309643","label":"Véronique Besse"},{"id":"PA1206","label":"Nicolas Dupont-Aignan"},{"id":"PA794314","label":"Mathilde Paris"},{"id":"PA794670","label":"Caroline Parmentier"},{"id":"PA793832","label":"Yoann Gillet"}],"cosignatairesCount":81,"type":"Proposition de loi","anUrl":"https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/16/propositions/pion1261.asp","dispositions":{"exposeMotifs":"MESDAMES, MESSIEURS, Les mineurs étrangers isolés qui franchissent nos frontières nationales, désormais appelés Mineurs non accompagnés (MNA) selon la terminologie européenne, sont de plus en plus nombreux. Ces MNA, ou évalués comme tels, sont pris en charge par les services de l’Aide sociale à l’enfance (ASE) des Conseils Départementaux. Leur nombre a considérablement a augmenté en étant multiplié par 20 en 20 ans. Il s’agit à 95 % de garçons dont la plupart proviennent d’Afrique subsaharienne (Mali, Guinée, Côte d’Ivoire) et du Maghreb (Algérie, Tunisie, Maroc). Ils étaient seulement 264 pris en charge dans le cadre de l’ASE en 1999, 1 077 en 2001, 10 1 94 fin 2015, pour atteindre 19 893 fin 2021 dont la moitié (9 846) ont 15 ans ou plus. Ces « mineurs isolés » représentent un coût colossal pour l’ASE des Départements. La prise en charge des MNA est estimé e annuellement en moyenne à 50 000 euros par mineur, couvrant notamment l’hébergement, la nourriture, les frais d’éducation et de formation. Pour certains départements, particulièrement touchés par la crise migratoire comme les Alpes-Maritimes, le Nord et le Pas-de-Calais, mais aussi la Guyane e t Mayotte, ce coût obère grandement leur budget et limite leurs actions dans d’autres domaines. Le rapport d’information n° 854 du Sénat déposé le 29 septembre 2021, indique que les MNA sont souvent en recherche d’opportunités économiques plutôt qu’en fuite de pays en guerre. Le rapport estime que l’augmentation de la délinquance ","articles":[{"num":"1er","extrait":"L’article 388 du code civil est ainsi rédigé : « Art. 388. – Le mineur est l’individu de l’un ou l’autre sexe qui n’a pas encore l’âge de dix-huit ans accomplis. « En l’absence de document d’identité valable et lorsque l’âge allégué d’un individu n’est pas vraisemblable, il peut être procédé d’office, sur décision de l’administration, à un examen radiologique osseux aux fins de détermination de cet âge. « Tout refus de cet examen entraîne une présomption de majorité. « Les conclusions de ces examens doivent préciser la marge d’erreur. Le doute profite à l’intéressé. »"},{"num":"2","extrait":"L’article L. 222-5 du code de l’action sociale et d es familles est complété par un alinéa ainsi rédigé : « Un mineur qui n’a pas la nationalité française ne peut être pris en charge dans les conditions prévues au présent article s’il n’a pas été procédé à la vérification préalable de la réalité de son état de minorité dans les conditions déterminées par l’article 388 du code civil. »"},{"num":"3","extrait":"La charge pour l’État est compensée à due concurrence par la création d’une taxe additionnelle à la taxe mentionnée à l’a rticle 235 ter ZD du code général des impôts."}],"pdfUrl":"https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/16/textes/l16b1261_proposition-loi.pdf","pdfPages":null},"dispositionsVersion":6},"stade":{"cle":"depose","etiquette":"Déposé, non adopté à ce jour","phrase":"Ce texte a été déposé le 23 mai 2023. Il n'a pas été adopté à ce jour : ce n'est pas la loi.","garde":"Ce résumé décrit ce que le texte propose. 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