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Sur la seule année 2021, les Français en ont consommé près de 270 000 tonnes (1). Or la production française (3 000 tonnes par an (2)), ne permet pas de répondre à cette demande puisque la température des eaux est trop élevée pour pouvoir assurer la totalité du grossissement de ces poissons tout au long de l’année. Le saumon consommé en France est de ce fait quasiment entièrement issu d’importations étrangères, dont 43 % (3) de ces importations proviennent de Norvège où les eaux sont plus froides. Avec plus de 200 000 tonnes importées en 2022, la France est le deuxième importateur mondial en volume de saumons (4). La Norvège, premier exportateur mondial, voit de son côté ses ventes exploser (+12 % en 2023 par rapport à 2022 (5)), à tel point que le pays envisage aujourd’hui de tripler sa production annuelle en 2050. Pourtant, les conditions écologiques et sanitaires des élevages norvégiens sont catastrophiques : les poissons y sont majoritairement entassés à des densités extrêmes dans de gigantesques cages marines, et ces poissons grands migrateurs se retrouvent donc réduits à vivre dans des espaces infimes jusqu’au terme de leur grossissement. Les poissons tombent malades, les parasites tels que les poux de mer se développent, les poissons se mutilent, et les perturbateurs endocriniens s’accumulent dans l’organisme. Ces conditions déplorables conduisent alors à des épisodes de mortalit","articles":[{"num":"unique","extrait":"I. – Il est instauré un moratoire sur la délivrance des autorisations environnementales prévues aux articles L. 181-1 à L. 181-4 du code de l’environnement pour les élevages de saumons dont la totalité du grossissement est prévue dans des installations aquacoles à circuit fermé. II. – Le moratoire prévu au I du présent article est instauré pour une durée de dix ans à compter de la publication de la présente loi."}],"pdfUrl":"https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/17/textes/l17b1136_proposition-loi.pdf","pdfPages":null},"dispositionsVersion":6},"stade":{"cle":"depose","etiquette":"Déposé, non adopté à ce jour","phrase":"Ce texte a été déposé le 18 mars 2025. Il n'a pas été adopté à ce jour : ce n'est pas la loi.","garde":"Ce résumé décrit ce que le texte propose. 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