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Quelques faits divers rappellent qu’au siècle précédent toutes les communes, notamment rurales, avaient la joie d’accueillir de nouvelles vies auprès des officiers de l’état civil. En effet, la reconnaissance par l’État de l’existence d’un enfant est opérée grâce à la déclaration de naissance. L’article 55 du code civil dispose ainsi que « Les déclarations de naissance sont faites dans les cinq jours de l’accouchement, à l’officier de l’état civil du lieu ». C’est donc dans la ville qui abrite l’une des 460 maternités encore en activité en France que l’enfant sera déclaré (seulement 0,5 % des naissances ont lieu en dehors d’une maternité). De cette manière, les villes qui disposent encore d’une maternité peuvent « utiliser » ces naissances pour se prévaloir d’une plus grande vitalité. En même temps, les communes rurales sont laissées au banc alors même qu’elles peuvent être le domicile des parents ou de la mère de l’enfant. Cette situation crée une injustice pour les communes rurales qui voient la disparition de leurs services publics, l’avancée des déserts médicaux, la fermeture de leurs écoles, la création de Zones à faibles émissions qui les éloignent des centres-villes… Cette concentration des naissances dans les métropoles et les grosses communes est amenée à se renforcer. Entre 2000 et 2025, le maillage territoria","articles":[{"num":"unique","extrait":"Le premier alinéa de l’article 55 du code civil est complété par les mots : « ou du lieu de résidence de la mère »."}],"pdfUrl":"https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/17/textes/l17b2451_proposition-loi.pdf","pdfPages":null},"dispositionsVersion":6},"stade":{"cle":"depose","etiquette":"Déposé, non adopté à ce jour","phrase":"Ce texte a été déposé le 4 février 2026. Il n'a pas été adopté à ce jour : ce n'est pas la loi.","garde":"Ce résumé décrit ce que le texte propose. Ce n'est pas le droit en vigueur."},"linkedScrutins":[],"hasEnjeu":true,"hasDisp":true,"hasVotes":false,"hasOu":true,"themeLabels":{},"themesTexte":[],"nAmdtDeposes":null,"amdtIdx":null,"amdtDivisions":null,"amdtVotes":null,"aepDeps":{},"aepGroupes":[],"amdtCount":0,"status":{"kind":"in-commission","label":"En commission","sub":"Renvoyée en commission le 4 février 2026, en attente d'examen ou en cours d'examen.","date":"2026-02-04","organe":"Commission des lois","organeFull":"Commission des lois constitutionnelles, de la législation et de l'administration générale de la République"},"steps":[{"date":"2026-02-04","dateLabel":"4 février 2026","label":"1er dépôt d'une initiative.","phase":"Assemblée nationale, 1re lecture"},{"date":"2026-02-04","dateLabel":"4 février 2026","label":"Renvoi en commission au fond","organe":"Commission des lois","organeFull":"Commission des lois constitutionnelles, de la législation et de l'administration générale de la République","phase":"Assemblée 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Cela signifie que les communes rurales, même si le naissance a eu lieu en dehors de leur territoire (par exemple dans une maternité urbaine), peuvent être reconnues comme le lieu de déclaration. L’objectif est de corriger une situation où les communes rurales, souvent sans maternité, ne bénéficient pas de la même reconnaissance que les villes disposant de ces structures. La mesure vise à équilibrer la répartition des naissances déclarées entre les zones urbaines et rurales.","assise":null,"nArticles":0},"explain":null,"objMoyens":null,"recoExperts":null,"eli":null,"promulgation":null,"commissionAmdt":null,"rapportsDossier":null,"censures":null,"voteRef":null,"voteAggregat":null,"voteGroupes":null}