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Le pouvoir ne cesse de renforcer les dispositifs de surveillance, de contrôle et de répression aux mains des agents de gendarmerie et de police nationales pour contrôler les comportements au détriment de politiques de sécurité centrées sur la prévention et la tranquillité publique. Les Amendes forfaitaires délictuelles (AFD), créées en 2016, sont devenues l’outil privilégié de cette dérive. Instaurée par la loi n° 2016-1547 du 18 novembre 2016, et massivement étendue depuis 2019 jusqu’à 91 incriminations en 2024, la procédure de l’AFD s’est construite sur deux promesses : une réponse pénale rapide et un allègement de la charge des juridictions. En effet, ce dispositif permet de condamner et de sanctionner un auteur d’infraction directement par l’agent, sur la voie publique, sans procès, sans juge et donc sans débat contradictoire ni respect des droits de la défense. À ce titre, l’amende forfaitaire délictuelle remet en cause les fondements de la procédure pénale qui reposent sur le débat contradictoire, la prise en compte du contexte et de la situation personnelle, et le droit de se défendre. L’exclusion du juge dans la condamnation fait donc de l’agent verbalisateur l’acteur central de la répression sur la voie publique, laissant les individus seuls face à l’arbitraire de l’agent. L’AFD est une anomalie d’un système pénal fondé sur la Déclaration des droits de l’","articles":[{"num":"unique","extrait":"La section 9 du chapitre 1 er du titre II du livre II du code de procédure pénale est abrogée."}],"pdfUrl":"https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/17/textes/l17b3173_proposition-loi.pdf","pdfPages":null},"dispositionsVersion":6},"stade":{"cle":"depose","etiquette":"Déposé, non adopté à ce jour","phrase":"Ce texte a été déposé le 15 septembre 2026. 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